By Barbara D Miller
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Religion and family organization, for example, contribute to the functioning of the whole culture. Functionalism is linked to the concept of holism, the view that one must study all aspects of a culture in order to understand it. Franz Boas is considered the founder of North American cultural anthropology. Born in Germany and educated in physics and geography, he came to the United States in 1887 (Patterson 2001:46ff ). 4 p. 78). He learned from the Inuit that people in different cultures may have different perceptions of even basic physical substances, such as water.
This is the author s position, and CHAPTER 1 A N T H R O P O L O G Y A N D T H E S T U D Y O F C U LT U R E 9 LESSONS applied Orangutan Research Leads to Orangutan Advocacy Primatologist Biruté Galdikas (beer-OOH-tay GAL-dee-kas) first went to Indonesia to study orangutans in 1971 (Galdikas 1995). She soon became aware of the threat to the orangutans from local people who, as a way of making money, capture them for sale to zoos around the world. The poachers separate the young from their mothers, often killing the mothers in the process.
The archaeology of the recent past is another important research direction. Industrial archaeology focuses on changes in material culture and society during and since the Industrial Revolution. It is especially active in Great Britain, home of the Industrial Revolution. There, industrial archaeologists study such topics as the design of iron bridges, the growth and distribution of china potteries, miners housing, and cotton mills. An important role of industrial archaeology is the conservation of industrial sites, which are more likely to be neglected or destroyed than are sites that have natural beauty or cultural glamour attached to them.